بيان أنَّ تكذيب الدِّين كُفر بالإجماع

وبيان متَى لا يكفُر مَن يُنكر حُكمًا شرعيًّا

A Clarification that belying the Religion is blasphemy by consensus

And an Explanation of when a person does not blaspheme for denying a religious ruling

الحمدلله وصلَّى الله وسلَّم على رسول الله.

Praise be to Allah, and may Allah raise the rank of Prophet Muhammad and protect his nation from that which he fears for it.

وبعدُ فإنَّ تكذيب الدِّين كُفر بالإجماع أي بلا خلاف بين عُلماء أهل السُّنَّة والجماعة، فمن أنكر حُكمًا شرعيًّا واحدًا مع معرفته أنَّه مِن الشَّرع فهذا يصير بذلك كافرا والعياذ بالله تعالَى. وأمَّا إنْ لم يكُن يعرف أنَّه مِن الشَّرع: فإنَّ الحُكم على فاعله بالكُفر او غيره يتبع للتَّفصيل التَّالي:

Thereafter, belying the religion is blasphemy by consensus, that is, there is no disagreement among the Muslim scholars (of Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jama^ah). Therefore, whoever denies a single Islamic judgment while knowing that it is from the religious rules (Shari^a), he becomes a blasphemer, we seek refuge with Allah the Exalted from that. As for the one who does not know that it is from the Islamic rules (Shari^a), the judgment on the doer of blasphemy or otherwise is based on the following details:

أوَّلًا: الأُمور المُتعلِّقة بالعقيدة الإسلاميَّة:

– فمنها ما يتعلَّق بأصل معنَى الشَّهادتين.

– ومنها ما لا يتعلَّق بأصل معنَى الشَّهادتين.

First: Matters related to the Islamic Creed:

– Some of which are related to the basis of the meaning of the two testifications of faith.

– Some of which are not related to the basis of the meaning of the two testifications of faith.

– فمِمَّا يتعلَّق بأصل معنَى الشَّهادتين: الكلام في اتِّصاف الله سُبحانه وتعالَى بالوُجود والوَحدانيَّة والقِدَم أي الأزليَّة والبقاء وأنَّه ليس كمثله شيء وأنَّه مُتكلِّم -بلا حرف ولا لُغة- ونحو ذلك. فمَن أنكر شيئًا منه يصير بذلك كافرًا مهما كان جاهلًا؛ فالجهل في هذا ليس عُذرًا لأحد مِن النَّاس.

As for what is related to the basis of the meaning of the two testifications of faith: Speaking about the attributes of Allah the Exalted: Existence, Oneness, Eternity, Everlastingness, and Non-Resemblance, and that Allah is attributed with Speech–without letters or languages–and the like. The one who denies any of these attributes blasphemes regardless of how ignorant he might be, and ignorance in these matters is not an excuse for anyone.

– ومِمَّا لا يتعلَّق بأصل معنَى الشَّهادتين: عذاب القبر وسُؤال الملَكين مُنكَر ونكير والحَوض والميزان ونحو ذلك. فمَن كان حديث عهد بالإسلام -أو نحوه- فأنكر شيئًا مِن هذا لشدَّة جهله فلا يُحكم بتكفيره ولكنَّه يكون بذلك عاصيًا ويجب عليه أنْ يتعلَّم ما أوجب الله تعالَى عليه مِن علم الدِّين.

As for what is not related to the basis of the meaning of the two testifications of faith: e.g. the punishment in the grave, the questioning of the two angels Munkar and Nakeer, the Basin, the Balance, and the like. The one who is new to Islam, or the like, and denied any of these matters due to his ignorance, he is not judged as a blasphemer; however, he is a sinner and is obligated to learn what Allah the Exalted deemed obligatory upon him to obtain of the Islamic Knowledge.

ثانيًا: الأُمور الَّتي تتعلق بفروع الفقه: كالطَّهارة والصَّلاة والصِّيام والزَّكاة والحجِّ ونحو ذلك. وتنقسم الأحكام فيها إلى قسمين اثنين:

Second: matters are related to the branches of jurisprudence, such as purification, prayer, fasting, zakat, pilgrimage, and so on. The judgment here is divided into two types:

– الأوَّل: ما كان معلومًا مِن الدِّين بالضَّرورة.

– الثَّاني: ما لم يكُن معلومًا مِن الدِّين بالضَّرورة.

– The first: What is known by necessity from the religion

– The second: What is not known by necessity from the religion

1- فكُلُّ حُكم معلوم مِن الدِّين بالضَّرورة يكفُر مَن يُنكره؛ إلَّا أنْ يكون حديث عهد بالإسلام أو نشأ في بادية بعيدًا عن العُلماء ولم يسمع به مِن المُسلمين وأنَّه مِن أُمور دينهم فهذا لا يُحكم بتكفيره ولكنَّه يكون بذلك عاصيًا ويجب عليه أنْ يتعلَّم ما أوجب الله تعالَى عليه مِن علم الدِّين.

1) The one who denies any religious rule that is known by necessity, blasphemes, unless, he is a recent convert to Islam or has grown up in a land away from scholars and has not heard from the Muslims that it is a matter of the religion, this person is not judged as a blasphemer; however, he is a sinner, and is obligated to learn what Allah, the Exalted, deemed obligatory to obtain from the Islamic knowledge.

2- وأمَّا مَن أنكر حُكمًا غير معلوم مِن الدِّين بالضَّرورة ولكنَّه خفي عليه الحُكم لشدَّة جهله فلم يعرف أنَّه مِن الشَّرع فهذا لا يُحكم بتكفيره ولكنَّه يكون بذلك عاصيًا وذنبُه مِن الكبائر لأنَّه أفتَى بغير علم والعياذ بالله تعالَى ويجب عليه أنْ يتعلَّم ما أوجب الله تعالَى عليه مِن علم الدِّين.

2) As for the one who denies a ruling from the religion that is not known by necessity and he did not know it due to his severe ignorance, so he did not know it is from the Islamic rules (Shari^a), he is not judged as a blasphemer; however, he is committing a major sin due to giving an Islamic judgment (fatwa) without knowledge. We seek refuge with Allah the Exalted from that. And he is obligated to learn what Allah, the Exalted, deemed obligatory to obtain from the Islamic knowledge.

والخُلاصة أنَّه يجب على المُسلم أنْ يتعلَّم ما فرض الله عليه مِن علم الدِّين وأنْ لا يهجم على الفتوَى بغير علم وأنْ يحرص على مُوافقة الدِّين في العقيدة وفي الفُروع وفي سائر الأحكام الشَّرعيَّة لأنَّ تكذيب الدِّين كُفر مُخرج عن المِلَّة ولأنَّ عذاب جهنَّم شديد فنسأل الله الرُّشد والسَّلامة.

In conclusion, the Muslim must learn what Allah has deemed obligatory of obtaining the Islamic knowledge, and to not rush to speak or give a judgement without knowledge. Also, one must be cautious to be in compliance with the religion in creed, branches, and in all other Islamic rulings because belying the religion is blasphemy, and takes the person out of Islam, and because the punishment in Hellfire is very severe, so we ask Allah for guidance and safety.

كتبه بالعربيَّة: عُمر آلِ عبدالله

ترجمه إلى الإنكليزيَّة: وسام الحايك

وراجع التَّرجمة: وسام شريم

Arabic text written by: ^umar El ^abdullaah

English translation: Wessam Al Hayık

Reviewed translation: Wessam Shreim Jul 14, 2022 8:13:48am